The second edition of Dabiq, the in-house magazine produced by the Islamic State, which ran for 15 issues between 2014 and 2016, is entitled “The Destruction of Shirk”. In early Islamic scripture,Shirk is a gloss term for the crime of idolatry and association with other faiths. For the pre-medieval tribes of the Arabian peninsula Shirk would have had an important social function – in an era of constant low-level conflict, consorting with other tribal groups, itinerant Jews and Christians for example, could have had dangerous consequences.